To let comparisons which have earlier knowledge, i in addition to used nonspatial get-recapture solutions to imagine adult jaguar occurrence (come across Appendix B to own strategies and you will performance).
Estimating cub occurrence and population construction
I estimated densities on their own for males, reproductive female, and you will nonreproductive people. We tried to complement patterns directly to observations of cubs, but their sparse grab records failed to promote adequate analysis getting a maximum chances analysis. So you’re able to estimate cub thickness, we increased the newest reproductive women occurrence from your ideal model by the imply level of cubs per reproductive women. These types of quotes desired computation away from total jaguar density and people construction for men, nonreproductive ladies, reproductive female, and cubs.
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Our complete sampling work is actually twelve,302 digital camera pitfall-nights. We gotten 1465 captures, in addition to 1369 having recognizable someone (Table step one). As a whole, we understood 42 jaguars, together with fourteen adult males, fourteen mature females, and you may 14 cubs. Of fourteen shoot adult female, eight were positively recreating and you will snap that have cubs (Pictures D1, D2). Although we inserted equal amounts of boys, women, and you may cubs from the research urban area, the fresh new take frequency of any category differed: 58% from identified photo were that from guys (798 captures), 33% out-of identifiable captures was basically those of girls (452), and simply 9% had been that from cubs (119). Typically, guys was in fact grabbed 56 moments per, girls 32 minutes, and you can cubs only nine times. Reproductive female got a little high total number from grabs than just nonreproductive females (257 versus 195, respectively) and better average number of grabs for every private (38 rather than 28). Reproductive people was in fact more often grabbed by yourself (109 minutes) than followed by cubs (69 catches) over the course of understood children dependence. On the other hand, cubs had been recorded with greater regularity through its mothers (83 individual captures) than by yourself (36 catches).
Occurrence quotes regarding adult jaguars
Of the 32 models analyzed with the secr package with sex/reproductive status and sessions as covariates, those which did not allow density to vary across sessions obtained the lowest AICc values. In contrast, models assuming density variation across sessions received less support (Tables 2, C1). The top secr model for adult jaguars included an effect of sex/female reproductive status on D, ? 0, and ? and between session variation in ? 0. All three parameters differed significantly between sex/reproductive status groups (Table 3). Baseline detection probability was lowest for reproductive females (0.04 on average), whereas nonreproductive females had the greatest baseline detectability (0.13 on average) and males intermediate (0.08 on average) to the two female reproductive classes. Males had the largest values of estimated movement distribution (? = 2.97 ± 0.09 km), while reproductive and nonreproductive females obtained smaller ? values (2.04 ± 0.11 and 2.32 ± 0.19 km, respectively). Estimated densities were higher for reproductive females and males (1.97 ± 0.33 and 1.62 ± 0.22 individuals/ 100 km 2 , respectively) than for nonreproductive females (0.85 ± 0.19 individuals/100 km 2 ). In total, the best model estimated 4.44 ± 1.16 adult jaguars/100 km 2 (Table 3).
Cub occurrence and you will jaguar people framework
Of findings of your eight reproductive girls that have youngsters inside data months, i projected step one.64 cubs for each and every reproductive girls typically. On top of that, one to cub is actually filed by yourself using one celebration and had an as yet not known mom. We omitted that it solitary observation out of then study. On such basis as reproductive ladies occurrence about ideal design, we projected 3.23 cubs/a hundred kilometer dos about study area. Hence, we projected a complete density off eight.67 jaguars/a hundred kilometres dos . Jaguar people framework is actually 21% males, 11% nonreproductive females, 26% reproductive women, and you can 42% cubs (Desk 3).