This post publishes the brand new AMS fourteen C dates of 13 horses prior to now allotted to the fresh new Migration several months, and also the osteometric investigation and you may age ponies found inside Lithuanian cemeteries of one’s third–14th C Ad, more than two hundred some one altogether. The research efficiency fixed the present chronology of one’s burials, together with osteometric study allowed a different analysis out of if the ponies on the Migration period really are exceptional in size into the brand new perspective from Lithuanian horses throughout the third in order to 14th C Advertising. Brand new numerous analysis as well as welcome a review of the development of the shape and you will period of this new horses when you look at the Lithuania within 3rd and you may 14th C Advertising.
dos.step one. Zooarchaeological Investigation
Almost 400 horse skeletal stays utilized in Lithuanian burial internet out-of the third–14th C Advertisement had been examined ( Figure step 1 ); yet not, due to poor maintenance, just more than two hundred people were suitable for subsequent size and you will many years data. Brand new burial internet have been split into three chronological groups. A maximum of 21 folks from six burial websites was in fact assigned on the Later Roman–post-Migration period (3rd–seventh C Advertisement); 13 horses out of this several months was truly AMS fourteen C-old. They certainly were anyone selected toward 87 Sr/ 86 Sr analysis, the results from which was typed when you look at the an alternative guide . So you’re able to separate between ponies (Equus caballus), donkeys (Equus asinus), and you can mules, the methodology described because of the Johnstone is observed.
Place out of sites said regarding the text message: 1-Paduobe-Saltaliune III, 2-Pagrybis, 3-Pavajuonis-Rekuciai, 4-Plinkaigalis, 5-Taurapilis, 6-Marvele, 7-Degsne-Labotiskes, 8-Jaksiskis, 9-Kretuonai, 10-Salakas, 11-Varliskes, 12-Obeliai, 13-Pakalniskiai, 14-Masteikiai, 15-Kernave, 16-Memelburg (Klaipeda), 17-Vilnius.
2. Question and techniques
Most of them, except for eight some body, were based in the Marvele burial site inside the main Lithuania. Comparison of one’s archaeological framework plus the grave products lets to expand relationship of a few of the burials toward twelfth C Advertisement. For this reason, this new specialized avoid of your own Viking period (1066) wasn’t considered, one another from the estimate relationships of these burial internet sites and you may from the historical and archaeological perspective: no significant break-in the history out-of Lithuania up until the place of county throughout the 13th C Advertisement is seen.
Horses regarding about three burial websites dating back https://datingmentor.org/escort/chico/ the newest thirteen–14th C Post was assigned to brand new medieval months. In this case, some of the burials could actually time for the 12th C Offer but they are tough to identify throughout the afterwards of these. Brand new medieval pony category and additionally integrated skeleton away from ponies regarding two castles and something city of the fresh 13–14th C Post: 25 metatarsals and you can metacarpals have been picked out-of Kernave medieval town, nine in the Vilnius Straight down palace, and you can 8 away from Memelburg, the latest palace of one’s Teutonic Buy, present-time Klaipeda. I’ve included ponies from the settlement sites in order to promote since the goal an image of gothic ponies to, built not just on the individuals from ordinary burial internet sites but and away from contexts related to the higher social strata (Vilnius, Kernave) together with Order. Overall, the fresh remains out-of ninety-five everyone was checked out in the medieval several months. With this look, skeletal stays of all the Lithuanian horses proven to the fresh article authors off 3rd–14th C Post burial internet sites were examined.
A few of the horse skeletons was in fact poorly maintained and a bad to possess osteometric investigation, so the amount of people varied with respect to study of what their age is and you will top. The age of the fresh horses was projected by tooth eruption , wear of the incisors, additionally the level of the premolars and you will molars . Collection period of the epiphyses has also been utilized for this review. Withers height was projected away from a lot of time bone proportions by using the corrected coefficients of Kiesewalter [34,35]. Horses was basically categorized based on Brauner’s metacarpal and you can metatarsal slenderness index group . Dimensions according to von den Driesh have been made having fun with an osteometric board and you will an electronic digital caliper with a reliability of 0.01 cm. Pony skeletons were sexed according to the visibility out-of your dog pearly whites for the men ponies more 4–five years old. Although not, occasionally, gender of your creature could not become calculated because of missing skeleton. Enough time bone dimensions, gender, and also the age each individual are offered when you look at the Dining tables S1–S4. To evaluate to possess importance, we used an effective t-test. Examined horses’ stays try kept in the brand new Zooarchaeological Databases away from Vilnius College, Professors of history. Horse from Varliskes is kept in Kernave Museum, and you may pony skeletons of Paduobe-Saltaliune III and Salakas was stored in National Museum of Lithuania.